Computer Tools in Education

The Effect of Tidal Forces on the Motion of Spacecraft. A Model of a Toroidal Satellite

2024-04-24T22:26:50+00:00

The model of a toroidal satellite is considered in the limiting case when the major radius of the torus (the distance from the center of the tube to the center of the torus) is much larger than its minor radius (the radius of the tube). Based on the Lagrange method, the equations of motion are derived. It is shown that the obtained mathematical equations describing the rotational motion do not contain small parameters, which implies that tidal forces have a significant effect on the rotational motion of the satellite. Numerical solutions of the obtained equations can be studied by students based on the use of differential equation solving procedures available in MATLAB and Octave environments. Numerical experiment in combination with analytical methods for studying these equations shows that with a sufficiently fast rotation of the satellite around the axis of symmetry, its orientation motion stabilizes and becomes quasi-periodic.

Competitiveness Function for a Bilingual Community Model

2024-04-24T22:27:01+00:00

The purpose of this work is to construct competitiveness functions for the bilingual community model.

Materials and methods. The work uses a new model of a bilingual community, which takes into account: the effect of acquiring a second language at an early age; the effect of mutual assistance within a group of the same language. In the model, languages are characterized by parameters of prestige, the likelihood of language acquisition at an early age, the parameter of mutual assistance and the initial number of native speakers. The problem of determining the results of language competition based on their characteristic parameters is considered.

Results. A new method for solving the problem of the results of language competition is proposed. For this purpose, a new concept is introduced in linguistic dynamics: the competitiveness function. To restore the competitiveness function, a ranking method is used, which is related to dividing ordered pairs of languages (under fixed initial conditions) into two classes “the first language displaces the second” and “the second language displaces the first”. The competitiveness function is sought in the form of a power function depending on the language parameters. In this case, the values of the function coefficients are identified based on the processing of available data on the dynamics of the model. The values of the competitiveness functions are analyzed, the results are compared with the observed statistics, and on this basis a forecast is made for the further development of dynamics. The application of this technique is demonstrated on a model in which finding a solution in analytical form is difficult.

Conclusion. The proposed methodology for constructing the competitiveness function is quite general and can be applied to a wide range of models describing population dynamics. The forecast made on the basis of the constructed competitiveness functions agrees well with empirical data.

Versions of the “Onion Husk” Algorithm in the Pseudo-Geometric Traveling Salesman Problem with Small Variance

2024-04-24T21:33:02+00:00

We continue to consider the pseudo-geometric traveling salesman problem. Specifically, we are considering several auxiliary algorithms needed to implement different versions of the “onion husk” algorithm. We have not found in the literature an accurate description of specific versions of algorithms for the geometric version (however, this is not necessary, since it is necessary to implement the original versions for the pseudo-geometric version), so we start with the geometric version.

Random generation of data for computational experiments corresponded to the problem being solved.
For each of the some dimensional variants, some computational experiments were conducted with randomly generated input data.
The following characteristics were calculated:
the average number of resulting contours for the geometric variant; the ratio of the solution with contours to the optimal solution; the ratio of the solution of the pseudo-geometric version corresponding to the order of points of the geometric version to the geometric solution.
The obtained results of computational experiments in general approximately correspond to the expected values.

Identification of Damaged Ship State During Compartments Flooding

2024-04-24T22:27:22+00:00

The article is focused on method of ship rolling processing during flooding of compartments. The main goal of such processing is in determination of the time moment, when the type of static stability diagram changes. The ship state corresponding to each of these types requires completely different methods of damage control, which is reflected in the knowledge base of the onboard intelligent system. In navigation conditions, and even more so in extreme situations, direct measurement of the stability characteristics of a marine object is impossible, so their indirect determination is required. The article presents the implementation of the procedural component of an on-board intelligent system based on an artificial neural network.

A Review of Expert Systems For Detecting Pregnancy Abnormalities Using Machine Learning Technologies

2024-04-24T22:27:38+00:00

The field of medical diagnosis has made significant progress with the introduction of machine learning techniques. This article presents a comprehensive review of studies in which researchers have developed expert systems for diagnosing pregnancy abnormalities using various machine learning techniques. Emphasizing the crucial role of data for learning and its preprocessing, the publications reviewed in the article compare the accuracy of different machine learning algorithms in this area. The analyzed research has primarily focused on building expert systems to diagnose pregnancy-related pathologies and complications in order to improve outcomes for expectant mothers and their future children. Using a wide range of machine learning approaches, including decision trees, support vector machines, random forest, artificial neural networks, and others, the effectiveness of each algorithm reviewed in this article in accurately predicting pregnancy-related problems was investigated.

One of the key points of this review is the emphasis on the quality and variety of training data. Particular attention was paid to the reliability and completeness of the datasets in analyzing the publications to allow machine learning algorithms to achieve higher diagnostic accuracy. Studies were selected for the review that used parameters recognized by the medical community as indicators of various pathologies for training.

An important criterion for selecting the review publications was the availability of data preprocessing in them to correct missing values, noise and class imbalance. These tasks play an essential role in improving the performance of the developed expert systems. By critically evaluating the methodologies and algorithms used in the reviewed publications, this paper provides valuable information for future research and development in this area.

Enhancing Active Learning Skills of Software Engineering Students: An Evaluation Using the SERVQUAL Model

2024-04-24T22:27:59+00:00

In light of the contemporary landscape characterized by the swift advancement of novel technologies and the escalating societal demands for software professionals, this study endeavors to enhance students' proactive learning capabilities to align with societal requisites. To achieve this objective, the study employs the service quality (SERVQUAL) model to assess and scrutinize the pivotal factors that contribute to the enhancement of students' self-directed proficiencies, thereby refining and augmenting the higher education system. The SERVQUAL model was employed to construct a questionnaire, with a specific focus on surveying students enrolled in software major and related disciplines. By conducting data analysis and employing weighting operations on the survey findings, a comparison and evaluation were conducted on the disparities in students' perceptions and expectations regarding service quality. The outcomes indicate a fundamental alignment between students' perceptions and expectations concerning the enhancement of active learning capabilities, thereby affirming the overall commendable service quality. These findings further suggest that the teaching standards of the major and the students' active learning abilities have successfully fulfilled the anticipated criteria.

On One Approach to Teaching the Theme “Arithmetic Circuits: Design, Simulation and Debugging”

2024-04-24T22:28:18+00:00

This article describes the technology of teaching the theme “Arithmetic circuits: design, simulation and debugging” of basic digital electronics course to first/second-year students based on the DL.GSU.BY website. The main advantages of the technology include training adapted to the student, many years of experience in practical application and effectiveness. The following issues are consistently considered in the article: the theoretical foundations of the topic;library of standard components; a system of step-by-step learning to design arithmetic circuits, a technology for simulation and debugging.